What is Adjustment of Status (AOS)?
Adjustment of Status (AOS) is a process that allows certain non-citizens already in the U.S. to apply for a green card (permanent residency) without returning to their home country. This eliminates the need for consular processing and helps immigrants legally remain in the U.S. while their application is pending.
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Who Qualifies for Adjustment of Status?
✔ Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens (spouses, parents, unmarried children under 21)
✔ Family-sponsored preference categories (siblings, married children of U.S. citizens).
✔ Employment-based immigrant petitions (workers with employer sponsorship).
✔ Special immigrant categories, such as asylum seekers and refugees.
How to Apply for Adjustment of Status
1
File Form I-485 (Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status)
✔ Submit Form I-485 to USCIS with all required documentation
✔ Include proof of eligibility, such as an approved immigrant petition (Form I-130, I-140, etc.).
2
Attend a Biometrics Appointment
✔ USCIS will schedule an appointment to collect fingerprints, photos, and a signature for background checks.
3
Prepare for a USCIS Interview (if required)
✔ Some applicants must attend an interview where a USCIS officer will review their case.
✔ Bring original documents and be ready to answer questions about your application.
4
Await USCIS Decision
✔ If approved, you will receive your green card by mail.
✔ If denied, you may have options to appeal or reapply.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Adjustment of Status
How long does the Adjustment of Status process take?
​Processing times vary but generally range from 8 months to over a year, depending on USCIS workload and case complexity.
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Can I work while my AOS application is pending?
Yes. You can apply for an Employment Authorization Document (EAD) while your case is in process.​
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What happens if my AOS application is denied?
If denied, USCIS will provide an explanation. You may be able to appeal the decision or explore other options with an attorney.
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Can I travel internationally while my AOS is pending?
Only if you apply for Advance Parole (Form I-131) before traveling. Leaving the U.S. without this approval may cause USCIS to deny your application.
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Do I need a sponsor for Adjustment of Status?
Yes. Family-based applications require a sponsor (petitioner). Employment-based applications require an employer sponsor unless filing as a self-petitioner.
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Can my family members apply with me?
Yes. Spouses and unmarried children under 21 may apply for AOS as derivative applicants.